{"id":34501,"date":"2022-11-04T13:42:42","date_gmt":"2022-11-04T11:42:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/neuroscenter.com\/que-es-la-neuroplasticitat\/"},"modified":"2022-11-04T13:42:55","modified_gmt":"2022-11-04T11:42:55","slug":"que-es-la-neuroplasticitat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/neuroscenter.com\/ca\/blog\/que-es-la-neuroplasticitat\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s la neuroplasticitat?"},"content":{"rendered":"

A qu\u00e8 anomenem plasticitat neuronal i com funciona?<\/h2>

La neuroplasticitat \u00e9s la capacitat del cervell per reorganitzar-se formant noves connexions neuronals al llarg de la vida. <\/span><\/p>

La neuroplasticitat passa en resposta als canvis a l’entorn de cada individu. Quan el cervell detecta un canvi, s’adapta formant noves connexions neuronals. Amb el temps, es poden produir canvis duradors en l’estructura i la funci\u00f3 del cervell. Per exemple, en aprendre una nova habilitat, com ara tocar el piano, el cervell formar\u00e0 noves connexions neuronals per recolzar aquesta nova activitat.<\/span><\/p>

Com s’enforteixen les connexions neuronals?<\/h2>

Les connexions neuronals s’enforteixen quan un individu s’exposa a un est\u00edmul de manera repetida i el cervell comen\u00e7a a associar l’est\u00edmul amb una resposta determinada. Aquesta associaci\u00f3 s’emmagatzema al cervell i les connexions neuronals s’enforteixen.<\/span><\/p>

El 1949, Donald Hebb, va descriure el mecanisme pel qual s’enforteixen certes connexions. L’autor ho va explicar de la manera seg\u00fcent: “les neurones que es disparen juntes, romandran connectades”. \u00c9s a dir, si dues neurones s’activen simult\u00e0niament en repetides ocasions s’enfortir\u00e0 aquesta via neuronal al cervell i, per tant, ser\u00e0 m\u00e9s probable que en tornar a activar-ne una en el futur aix\u00f2 faci que s’activi tamb\u00e9 la segona neurona. <\/span><\/p>

Posteriorment, tamb\u00e9 es va parlar de la potenciaci\u00f3 a llarg termini (LTP en angl\u00e8s). La LTP \u00e9s un proc\u00e9s pel qual s’incrementen els senyals el\u00e8ctrics i qu\u00edmics entre dues neurones. Aquest augment en la intensitat del senyal fa que sigui m\u00e9s probable que totes dues neurones s’activin alhora en el futur. <\/span><\/p>

En altres paraules, i de manera m\u00e9s simplificada, cada cop que tenim un pensament, que realitzem una acci\u00f3 o que sentim una emoci\u00f3 s’enforteix aquesta connexi\u00f3 i aix\u00f2 far\u00e0 que en futures ocasions sigui m\u00e9s f\u00e0cil que s’activi novament aquesta connexi\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>

La import\u00e0ncia de la neuroplasticitat<\/h2>

La neuroplasticitat \u00e9s la base de la nostra capacitat per aprendre, recordar i recuperar una lesi\u00f3 cerebral.<\/span><\/p>

El cervell canvia constantment en resposta a les nostres experi\u00e8ncies, i la neuroplasticitat \u00e9s el mecanisme que permet aquests canvis. Aquests poden ser a curt termini, com quan aprenem una nova ruta a la feina, o poden ser a llarg termini, com quan aprenem un nou idioma.<\/span><\/p>

La neuroplasticitat \u00e9s un factor molt important en el desenvolupament cognitiu durant la inf\u00e0ncia i l’adolesc\u00e8ncia, quan el cervell creix i canvia de manera m\u00e9s important. <\/span><\/p>

Hi ha evid\u00e8ncia que indica que la neuroplasticitat disminueix amb l’edat, per\u00f2 tamb\u00e9 es coneix que segueix present durant tota la vida. Es creu que aix\u00f2 contribueix al deteriorament cognitiu relacionat amb l’edat, aix\u00ed com a un major risc de dem\u00e8ncia. <\/span><\/p>

En els darrers anys, s’ha demostrat que la neuroplasticitat tamb\u00e9 t\u00e9 un paper important en el tractament dels trastorns mentals. Les persones amb un trastorn mental despr\u00e9s de sotmetre’s a ter\u00e0pia mostren canvis a l’activitat cerebral que s\u00f3n explicables per la neuroplasticitat. <\/span><\/p>

En conclusi\u00f3, la neuroplasticitat \u00e9s un mecanisme cr\u00edtic que permet que el cervell s’adapti a les circumst\u00e0ncies canviants. \u00c9s un determinant clau de la salut i la resili\u00e8ncia del cervell.<\/span><\/p>

La neuroplasticitat al Neurofeedback<\/h2>

El Neurofeedback<\/a>\u00e9s una t\u00e8cnica que s’ha desenvolupat sobre la base de la capacitat que t\u00e9 el nostre cervell de canviar, la neuroplasticitat.<\/span><\/p>

El Neurofeedback t\u00e9 com a objectiu <\/span>produir canvis en el funcionament cerebral a trav\u00e9s de l’aprenentatge basat en el condicionament operant. Refor\u00e7ant certs patrons cerebrals se’n podr\u00e0 augmentar la pres\u00e8ncia i inhibint-ne d’altres es podran disminuir. Despr\u00e9s d’un cert temps d’entrenament, <\/span>el cervell es reorganitzar\u00e0 i adaptar\u00e0 la seva activitat i, per tant, hi haur\u00e0 un canvi en el comportament de l’individu. <\/span><\/p>

La neuroplasticitat \u00e9s el que permet que es produeixin canvis en el nostre sistema nervi\u00f3s i el Neurofeedback ofereix una forma de fomentar aquest proc\u00e9s per permetre canvis saludables en els patrons neuronals.<\/span><\/p>

La neuroplasticitat \u00e9s imprescindible al Neurofeedback ja que permet que el cervell aprengui i millori a partir de la retroalimentaci\u00f3 que rep. Aix\u00f2 pot ajudar a millorar les funcions cognitives i la salut general del cervell.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A qu\u00e8 anomenem plasticitat neuronal i com funciona? La neuroplasticitat \u00e9s la capacitat del cervell per reorganitzar-se formant noves connexions neuronals al llarg de la vida. La neuroplasticitat passa en … Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":34247,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[298],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34501","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-ca","masonry-post","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-33"],"yoast_head":"\nQu\u00e8 \u00e9s la Neuroplasticitat? \u25b7 Blog Neuroscenter<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Descobreix qu\u00e8 \u00e9s la neuroplasticitat i la seva import\u00e0ncia: com afecta el nostre aprenentatge i l'exercici del nostre cervell. 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